{"id":1422,"date":"2017-09-01T00:17:58","date_gmt":"2017-09-01T00:17:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/?page_id=1422"},"modified":"2018-10-29T15:51:41","modified_gmt":"2018-10-29T15:51:41","slug":"japanese-peruvian-oral-history-excerpts","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/japanese-peruvian-oral-history-excerpts\/","title":{"rendered":"Japanese Peruvian Oral History Excerpts"},"content":{"rendered":"
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These transcripts are part of the Japanese Peruvian Oral History Project (JPOHP) Collection. JPOHP is the leading community resource promoting the documentation, preservation, and interpretation of the World War II experiences of Japanese Latin Americans, who survived US government, internment, prisoner exchange, and forced deportation, and their struggle for redress.<\/p>\n

The excerpts on this website may be used only for non-commercial, educational purposes for research and teaching. References from this website shall state: ”Japanese Peruvian Oral History Project.” For further use of oral history excerpt, access to full oral history interview, and \/ or audio file of interview, please contact the National Japanese American Historical Society via email:\u00a0njahs@njahs.org<\/a>. JPOHP and NJAHS will review access requests on a case-by-case basis.<\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n

Mariko Maria Ishiara de Almarez: Apprehension \/ Deportation (Japanese \/ English)<\/span><\/a><\/div>
Augusto Kague: Apprehension \/ Deportation (Spanish \/ English)<\/span><\/a><\/div>
Blanca Sadako Katsura: Reflections (English)<\/span><\/a><\/div>
Luis Kitsutani and George Kitsutani: Apprehension \/ Deportation, Reflection (Spanish \/ English)<\/span><\/a><\/div>
Lola Matsukawa de Monsalves: Apprehension \/ Deportation (Spanish \/ English)<\/span><\/a><\/div>
Rosa Yoshimi de Nakao, Cristina Sato de Izumi and Keiko Nakao: Apprehension \/ Deportation, Resettlement (Spanish \/ English)<\/span><\/a><\/div>
Rosa Miyoko Mishima de Sakata and Angelica Yuriko Mishima de Tanaka: Apprehension \/ Deportation (Japanese \/ English)<\/span><\/a><\/div>
Asunci\u00f3n Sakoda and Isabel Sakoda: Apprehension \/ Deportation (Spanish \/ English)<\/span><\/a><\/div>
Naeko Tamashiro: Resettlement (Japanese \/ English)<\/span><\/a><\/div>
Libia Hideko Yamamoto: Apprehension \/ Deportation, Transport \/ Inspection, Internment (English)<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>
Mariko Maria Ishiara de Almarez: Apprehension \/ Deportation (Japanese \/ English)<\/h5>
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10\/26\/1998 –\u00a0Waipahu, Hawai’i
\nInterviewer: Wesley Ueunten<\/p>\n

Japanese Language Audio Clip<\/p>\n

MA: \u305d\u3053\u306b\u304f\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306f\u8ca7\u4e4f\u3082\u3057\u3066\u82e6\u52b4\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3084\u3063\u3068\u4eba\u3082\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u3001\u8ffd\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u307f\u305f\u3044\u306d\u300242\u5e74\u306d\u30021942\u5e74\u30021<\/sup>
\nWU: 42\u5e74\u3002
\nMA: \u305d\u3046\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u304b\u5e02\u5f79\u6240\u304b\u3069\u3053\u304b\u304b\u3089\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u304c\u6765\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3067\u884c\u3063\u3066\u307f\u305f\u30893\u65e5\u5f8c\u306b\u5bb6\u65cf\u3092\u9023\u308c\u3066\u3069\u3053\u3069\u3053\u306b\u96c6\u5408\u3057\u306a\u3055\u3044\u3002\u7acb\u3061\u9000\u304d\u3060\u3068\u3002\u3059\u3050\u5bdd\u8033\u306b\u6c34\u307f\u305f\u3044\u306a\u611f\u3058\u3067\u3002\u305d\u308c\u30673\u65e5\u9593\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8ca1\u7523\u51e6\u5206\u3068\u304b\u304a\u91d1\u3092\u51fa\u3059\u3068\u304b\u3001\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3089\u3001\u305f\u3060\u3082\u3046\u3001\u5bb6\u65cf\u4e2d\u306e\u7740\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3092\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30af\u3001\u30b9\u30fc\u30c4\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u5165\u308c\u3066\u6301\u3066\u308b\u3060\u3051\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3002\u3069\u3053\u306b\u884c\u3063\u305f\u306e\u304b\u306f\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3051\u3069\u3001\u3068\u306b\u304b\u304f\u3069\u3053\u3069\u3053\u306b\u96c6\u5408\u3068\u3044\u3046\u611f\u3058\u3067\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3067\u305d\u3053\u304b\u3089(\u79fb\u9001\u3055\u308c\u305f)<\/p>\n

1\u00a0<\/sup>\u77f3\u65b0\u5bb6\u306f\u30011942\u5e744\u670812\u65e5\u306e\u7c73\u8ecd\u8f38\u9001\u8239\u30a2\u30ab\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u53f7\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f1942\u5e746\u670812\u65e5\u306e\u30b7\u30e3\u30a6\u30cb\u30fc\u53f7\u3067\u79fb\u9001\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n

MA: Just when he got to where he was, after being poor and having hard times and was able to hire people, he was deported. That was in 1942.1<\/sup>
\nWU: \u201942.
\nMA: Yes. The city office or some other government agency called him in. When he went in, they told him to evacuate his family and bring them to a certain place in three days. It was like a bolt from the blue. Since three days was not enough to dispose of our property and to withdraw money, all we could do was pack whatever clothes we could in our trunks and suitcases. I don’t know where they told us to go to a certain place. Then, from there (we were transferred).<\/p>\n

1\u00a0<\/sup>Editor\u2019s Note: The Ishiara Family was transported on a U.S.Army Transport ship, either the Acadia on 4\/12\/1942 or the Shawnee on 6\/12\/1942.<\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

Augusto Kague: Apprehension \/ Deportation (Spanish \/ English)<\/h5>
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6\/8\/1999 –\u00a0Lima, Peru
\nInterviewer:\u00a0Stephanie Moore<\/span><\/p>\n

Spanish Language Audio Clip<\/span><\/p>\n

AK: Me acuerdo que fuimos con mi mam\u00e1, con todos los chicos a la embajada espa\u00f1ola que quedaba justamente, la agencia estaba a dos cuadras nada mas, ah\u00ed cerca nom\u00e1s en la Plaza San Mart\u00edn ah\u00ed estaba la embajada espa\u00f1ola. Entonces fuimos a la embajada espa\u00f1ola. Mi mam\u00e1 se present\u00f3 con la carta, le dijeron que s\u00ed y nos vieron como est\u00e1bamos, todos mal vestidos, algunos sin zapatos. As\u00ed hab\u00edamos viajado porque no ten\u00edamos nada, as\u00ed que nos dijo: “Se\u00f1ora, c\u00f3mprele ropa a sus hijos aunque sea para que pueda viajar. Tenga para la comida pero s\u00ed, ma\u00f1ana o pasado tiene que ir al Callao porque el barco sale temprano”. Y no conoc\u00edamos nada as\u00ed que c\u00f3mo hacemos. “Coja el tranv\u00eda y se llega hasta la Plaza Grau en el Callao, de ah\u00ed entra al muelle y se presenta en tal sitio”. Y as\u00ed lo hizo mi mam\u00e1 sin conocer a nadie, sin que nadie nos guiara. Nos dejaron solos y as\u00ed nos embarcamos.<\/span><\/p>\n

AK: I remember we went with my mom, with all of the kids, to the Spanish Embassy that was just two blocks away, right nearby on the Plaza San Martin. That\u2019s where the Spanish Embassy was. So, we went to the Spanish Embassy. My mom showed up with the letter. They said yes to her and saw our condition\u2014all disheveled, some without shoes. We had traveled like that because we didn\u2019t have anything. So, he said, \u201cMa\u2019am, buy clothes for your children, at least so you can travel. Here is something for food, but you do have to go to El Callao tomorrow or the day after because the ship sails early.\u201d And we weren\u2019t familiar with anything, so [we asked] what should we do. \u201cTake the trolley and you get to the Plaza Grau in El Callao. From there, go on to the pier and show up at such and such place.\u201d And that\u2019s how my mom did it, without knowing anyone, without anyone guiding us. They left us on our own and that\u2019s how we shipped out.<\/span><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

Blanca Sadako Katsura: Reflections (English)<\/h5>
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English Language Audio Clip<\/span><\/p>\n

BK: Well, I remember that when I first came to Berkeley from camp, I really was not able to smile or laugh from the inside and it took me a while but I still remember that\u2026 I don\u2019t know, it was hard and I couldn\u2019t smile, really smile. We were in a different situation and I guess our lifestyle was different from what we were used to. And like I mentioned before, before we were more or less on top of the world, and at this point we just had to bow to everybody it seemed like, so there was [a] little adjustment there. \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

BK: No, I do not have any bitter feelings against the United States. More or less, at the beginning, I was treated as an enemy, as a Japanese. So, more or less, we prepared ourselves and we knew that this was war and at wartime everybody tries to defend their own country. So I suppose I just rationalized that we do whatever we have to do and, being that our situation was because of war, I, more or less, accepted it as something that war brought about.<\/span><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

Luis Kitsutani and George Kitsutani: Apprehension \/ Deportation, Reflection (Spanish \/ English)<\/h5>
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6\/8\/1999 –\u00a0Lima, Peru
\nInterviewer:\u00a0Stephanie Moore<\/span><\/p>\n

Spanish Language Audio Clips<\/span><\/p>\n

Excerpt 1: Apprehension \/ Deportation<\/span><\/p>\n

LK: Lo que yo recuerdo es que ten\u00edan una orden especial. Ingresaron a la casa, y ve\u00eda que hab\u00eda un movimiento de soldados y polic\u00edas, algo as\u00ed recuerdo. Y un poco a la fuerza. Se ve\u00eda que se lo iban llevando a mi padre fuera de casa, porque \u00e9l estaba en cama, estaba un poco mal con la ci\u00e1tica pero igual, no vali\u00f3. Por otro lado hab\u00eda una defensa que pusieron de que el abogado de la familia era el doctor Mario Alzadora Valdez, un connotado abogado. Pero lamentablemente no se pudo hacer nada y fue uno de los primeros que estaba en la lista. Tuvimos, que lo que yo recuerdo es que de ah\u00ed partimos de la casa hacia el puerto del Callao. Y en el puerto del Callao, estuvimos en el barco y ve\u00eda cada vez m\u00e1s distante a mis abuelos, levantando la mano diciendo adi\u00f3s, y ve\u00eda a mi madre llorando, porque ella s\u00ed sab\u00eda. Yo no comprend\u00eda qu\u00e9 es lo que estaba pasando en ese momento. Y la verdad es que ahora, que ya tengo m\u00e1s a\u00f1os, ahora comprendo que la direcci\u00f3n era otra, era ir al campo de concentraci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

LK: What I remember is that they had a special order. They went into the house and saw that there was soldier and police activity. I remember something like that. And a little bit by force, you could see that they were taking my father outside of the house, because he was in bed. His sciatica was bothering him a little, but they didn\u2019t care. On the other hand, there was a defense made by the family attorney that was Dr. Mario Alzadora Valdez, a [respected] attorney. But unfortunately, nothing could be done and he was one of the first on the list. We had to\u2014what I remember is that we left the house to the Port of Callao. And in the Port of Callao, we were on the ship and I saw my grandparents increasingly in the distance, raising their hand, saying goodbye. And I saw my mother crying, because she didn\u2019t know. I didn\u2019t understand what was happening at that time. And the truth is that now, that I am older, I understand that we were heading somewhere else. It was the concentration camp.<\/span><\/p>\n

Excerpt 2: Reflections<\/span><\/p>\nhttp:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Luis-and-George-Kitsutani-Tape-1-1-SA-Excerpt-2-1204-1626.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n

LK: Yo creo que, a mi parecer, puede ser cambiante con los que han estado en Crystal City y son mayores, en eso ha habido bastante tranquilidad. Hab\u00eda una secuencia, en el sentido de un buen control. No creo que ha habido, ning\u00fan problema ha tenido la polic\u00eda, la guardia o c\u00f3mo le llaman ustedes all\u00e1, la polic\u00eda, \u00bfno? No ha tenido ning\u00fan problema en cuanto a lo que se trata de control porque hab\u00eda bastante orden, hab\u00eda bastante respeto, se, y sab\u00edan que estaban en guerra y desde ese \u00e1ngulo no he visto que alg\u00fan japon\u00e9s o hijo de japoneses, en caso m\u00edo, j\u00f3venes, se hayan rebelado, no he visto. Ha habido una tranquilidad, una paz, en ese sentido. Pero siempre se\u00a0siente un ser humano cuando est\u00e1 totalmente enrejado, son los l\u00edmites de una persona, se siente enjaulado, se siente bastante pesimista. Se ve que los mayores quer\u00edan solucionar para, quiz\u00e1s, tener otros t\u00e9rminos, a pesar de que es guerra, pero el estar bajo un \u00e1rea totalmente limitado a cualquier persona, creo, le hace sentir mal. Y por otro lado sabiendo que est\u00e1 en un territorio, quiz\u00e1s en ese momento se le puede llamar neutral, pero es un territorio norteamericano, en la que si nosotros, al menos, no hemos sufrido grandes penurias como otros campos de concentraci\u00f3n. S\u00ed hemos tenido el corte de la libertad, porque nos lleva de un sitio donde hemos estado totalmente tranquilos, libres, nos llevan a un lugar totalmente manejado por los Estados Unidos, y como si nosotros fu\u00e9ramos alguien o una familia que hubi\u00e9ramos hecho algo totalmente negativo. Pero siento que no siendo as\u00ed. \u00bfQu\u00e9 es la guerra? Me pregunto a veces: \u00bfLa guerra es para poder, de una u otra forma, probar algunos armamentos? \u00bfLa guerra es para decir que uno es m\u00e1s fuerte que otro? La guerra es para decir: \u201cYo soy el que mando en el mundo? \u00bfBajo qu\u00e9 perspectiva?\u201d Yo creo que eso ser\u00eda bajo el punto de vista netamente humano, pero desde el punto de vista de Dios, yo creo que es un atropello, un atropello total a las personas que hemos estado en cualquier campo de concentraci\u00f3n, porque nos ha restringido nuestra libertad. Y eso yo creo que deber\u00eda, no solamente lo que se llame, lo que es indemnizaci\u00f3n que estamos comentando en este momento. La indemnizaci\u00f3n yo lo tomar\u00eda como una parte que los Estados Unidos quiz\u00e1s quiere, quisiera o quiere reponer o tratar de disponer el mal que han causado: \u201cCon dinero lo pago.\u201d Yo creo que hay otros valores mucho m\u00e1s importantes, en la que yo creo m\u00e1s adelante el Se\u00f1or va a juzgar.<\/span><\/p>\n

LK: I think that, in my opinion, it could be different from those that have been in Crystal City and are older. In that sense, there was a lot of calm. There was a sequence, in the sense, of good control. I don\u2019t think there has been\u2014the police didn\u2019t have any trouble, the guards or what do you call them there, the police, right? There has been no trouble as far as control because there was a lot of order. There was a lot of respect and they knew they were at war, and from that perspective, I have not seen some Japanese person or children of a Japanese person\u2014in my case, youth\u2014rebel. I haven\u2019t seen that. There has been calm, peace, in that regard. But regardless, you feel, as a human being when you\u2019re completely fenced in, those are a person\u2019s limits. You feel caged. You feel very pessimistic. You could see that older people wanted a solution\u2014maybe, to have other terms in spite of the war. But when you are in an area that is completely limited for everyone, I think, it makes you feel bad, And also, knowing that you are in a territory\u2014maybe at that time you could call it neutral\u2014but it is an American territory, in which we at least have not suffered great hardship like in other concentration camps. Our freedom has been thwarted because we were taken from a place where we were completely calm, free, and taken into a place completely managed by the United States, as if we were someone or a family that had done something completely negative. But I feel it wasn\u2019t like that. What is war? I ask myself sometimes. Is war to be able to, in one way or another, test some weapons? Is war to be able to say that one is stronger than the other? Is war to say, \u201cI am the one in charge of the world\u201d? From what perspective? I think that would be from a purely human point of view, but from the point of view of God, I think that is a violation, a complete violation against people that have been in any concentration camp because they have restricted our freedom. And I think that it should, not just what you call, what is compensation that we are talking about right now. I would take compensation as part of what the United States wants, would like or wants to compensate, or repair the harm it has caused. \u201cI\u2019ll pay with money.\u201d I think there are other values that are much more important, and that later on, the Lord will judge.<\/span><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

Lola Matsukawa de Monsalves: Apprehension \/ Deportation (Spanish \/ English)<\/h5>
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6\/21\/1999 \u2014 Lima, Peru
\nInterviewer:\u00a0Stephanie Moore<\/span><\/p>\n

Spanish Language Audio Clip<\/span><\/p>\n

LM: De la guerra, cuando vinieron a mi casa los investigadores. Era una cosa horrible cuando llegaron ellos, nos gritaban: “\u00a1Ustedes lo han escondido, ah\u00ed est\u00e1!” Abr\u00edan las puertas, con qu\u00e9 desesperaci\u00f3n, nosotras en un rinc\u00f3n paraditas desesperada porque nunca hab\u00edamos visto una cosa as\u00ed. Desesperado, entonces mi cu\u00f1ado no quer\u00eda ir, se iba a donde unos amigos a esconderse. Total, ya pas\u00f3 creo como un mes, ya no pod\u00eda y vino una noche, de noche nom\u00e1s ven\u00eda, tarde de noche a vernos a nosotros, porque \u00e9l ten\u00eda tres hijos, estaban chicos y yo como mayor, como hija. Entonces ven\u00eda en la noche y dec\u00eda: “Ya no puedo m\u00e1s, mejor me presento,” y se present\u00f3, pues porque era horrible cuando ven\u00edan, habr\u00edan las puertas, tocaban, era una desesperaci\u00f3n para nosotros, viv\u00edamos asustados hasta que ya \u00e9l se present\u00f3. Entonces le dijo: “Sabe que yo tengo mi cu\u00f1ada, me la tengo que llevar porque si yo la dejo en un colegio, en un internado ac\u00e1 y si no regreso, ella se quedar\u00e1 all\u00e1”. Entonces me tuvo que llevar a m\u00ed. Yo me fui ya con \u00e9l a Texas, a la concentraci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

LM: About the war, when they came to my house, the investigators. It was a terrible thing when they came and were yelling at us, \u201cYou are hiding him. He\u2019s in there!\u201d They would open the doors with such desperation. We were standing in a corner, desperate because we had never seeing anything like it. Desperate. So then my brother-in-law didn\u2019t want to go. He would go hide with some friends. Well, it passed. I think one month he wasn\u2019t able to and he came one night. He would just come at night, late at night, to see us because he had three children. They were young and, since I was the eldest daughter, he would come at night and say: \u201cI can\u2019t take it anymore. I should just show up.\u201d And he showed up because it was terrible when they came, opening doors, knocking. For us, it was despair. We lived in fear until he finally showed up. So he said, \u201cYou know, I have my sister-in-law. I have to take her with me because, if I leave her in a boarding school here and I don\u2019t come back, she will stay there.\u201d So he had to take me. I left with him to Texas, to the concentration [camp].<\/span><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

Rosa Yoshimi de Nakao, Cristina Sato de Izumi and Keiko Nakao: Apprehension \/ Deportation, Resettlement (Spanish \/ English)<\/h5>
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6\/8\/1999 \u2014\u00a0Lima, Peru
\nInterviewer:\u00a0Stephanie Moore<\/span><\/p>\n

Spanish Language Audio Clips<\/span><\/p>\n

Excerpt 1: Apprehension \/ Deportation<\/span><\/p>\n

RN: La misma \u00e9poca que mi esposo. A \u00e9l se lo llevaron el 6 de enero, despu\u00e9s se fueron recogiendo en cami\u00f3n a Chimbote, de Chimbote, Trujillo, Chiclayo, as\u00ed iban recogiendo y \u00faltimo llegaron a Talara, y de Talara lo embarcaron en barco y de ah\u00ed a camionada, porque en ese tiempo solamente eran solteros, hombres solteros, no iban familiares.<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: \u00bfEse fue el primer barco?<\/span><\/p>\n

RN: En el que se lo llevaron, se llevaron en cantidad esa vez.<\/span><\/p>\n

CS: Despu\u00e9s de medio a\u00f1o. Nosotros fuimos ya, despu\u00e9s de medio a\u00f1o que se llevaron a mi padre. \u00bfNo?<\/span><\/p>\n

RN: Eso. Hicieron gestiones en el campo, vengan las esposas y las hijas, hicieron bastantes \u00bfc\u00f3mo se llama? Gestiones y de ah\u00ed iban de a pocos. Pero eso s\u00ed era una aventura, se ten\u00edan que presentar en esa \u00e9poca en el Consulado de Espa\u00f1a. Ah\u00ed toditos de los japoneses se encargaron de la embajada de Espa\u00f1a. Y ah\u00ed se iba uno a inscribir o a hacer gestiones, entonces \u201cen tal fecha va a llegar un barco, a tal hora se tienen que ir all\u00e1\u201d. As\u00ed fue.<\/span><\/p>\n

RN: [They took my father] [a]bout the same time as my husband. They took him on January 6, after that they went in a truck to Chimbote\u2014from Chimbote to Trujillo, Chiclayo, like that\u2014picking up [people] until they arrived in Talara. And from Talara they put them on a boat and from there in trucks. Because that time they only took single men, only men without their families.<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: Was that the first boat?<\/span><\/p>\n

RN: On the one they took him, they took a great number that time.<\/span><\/p>\n

CS: After half a year, we went. Half a year after that, they took my father. No?<\/span><\/p>\n

RN: That\u2019s right. They made arrangements in [order to go to] the camp, the wives and daughters, they did a lot of\u2026 how do you call it?…arrangements, and from there \u2026 people went, a few at a time. But it was an adventure. [In] those days, people had to go to the Spanish Consulate. The Spanish Consulate was in charge of all Japanese people. And one had to go register there and do the paperwork, and then \u201con such date a boat is going to arrive, at such time, you have to go there\u201d. That\u2019s how it was.<\/span><\/p>\n

Excerpt 2: Resettlement<\/span><\/p>\nhttp:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Rosa-Yoshie-Nakao-Cristina-Sato-de-Izami-Tape-1-1-SA-Excerpt-2-2842-3014.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n

CS: Forzosamente. Sab\u00edan que no ten\u00edamos pasaporte, que no ten\u00edan esto que lo otro. \u00bfNo?<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: \u00bfC\u00f3mo les parec\u00eda que las llamaron \u201cilegales\u201d en los Estados Unidos?<\/span><\/p>\n

RN: Hicimos juicio delante de un juzgado. Si a nosotros nos han tra\u00eddo a la fuerza, yo\u2026 o sea \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 me quer\u00edan botar a Jap\u00f3n? Es de Hiroshima pap\u00e1, \u00bfC\u00f3mo vamos a ir all\u00e1 si ha ca\u00eddo la bomba? No hay comida. No tenemos casa.<\/span>1\u00a0<\/sup><\/span>Yo soy peruana, y quiero regresar a Per\u00fa. Entonces, bueno, acept\u00f3 que sean familias peruanas o nacionalizadas. Nosotros no llegamos en esa [categor\u00eda]. Entonces en el segundo conversatorio, ahora familia de esposa peruana, eso s\u00ed con partida de nacimiento. \u201cVale.\u201d \u201cMejor, lleva todos tus papeles\u201d,\u2014mi partida de nacimiento, bautizo, matrimonio, el de ella era nacimiento. Cuatro papeles me los traje. Llev\u00e9 y eso me vali\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

1<\/sup><\/span> Nota del editor: Desde este punto y las siguientes siete oraciones, la calidad del sonido de la entrevista est\u00e1 afectada por los ladridos de un perro y el tr\u00e1fico en el fondo.<\/span><\/p>\n

RN: We didn\u2019t go to the country voluntarily. We went against our will.<\/span><\/p>\n

CS: By force. They knew that we didn\u2019t have a passport, that we didn\u2019t have this and that. No?<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: How did you feel to be called \u201cillegal\u201d in the United States?<\/span><\/p>\n

RN: We filed a lawsuit in a courtroom. If we were brought here by force, I\u2026then why do they want to throw me to Japan? My father is from Hiroshima. How are we going to go there if they just dropped the bomb? There\u2019s no food. We don\u2019t have a house.<\/span>1\u00a0<\/sup><\/span>I am Peruvian and want to go back to Peru. Then, well, they accepted families that were Peruvian or naturalized. We weren\u2019t in that one [category]. Then in the second meeting, this time families with a Peruvian wife\u2014but had to have a birth certificate. \u201cOK\u201d. \u201cYou better bring all your papers\u201d\u2014my certificate of birth, baptism, marriage, her birth certificate. Four papers I brought with me. I took them, and that worked for me.<\/span><\/p>\n

1<\/sup><\/span> Editor\u2019s Note: From this point and the next seven sentences, the sound quality of the interview is affected by a dog barking and traffic noise in the background.<\/span><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

Rosa Miyoko Mishima de Sakata and Angelica Yuriko Mishima de Tanaka: Apprehension \/ Deportation (Japanese \/ English)<\/h5>
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3\/23\/1999 \u2014\u00a0Lima, Peru
\nInterviewer: Wesley Ueunten<\/span><\/p>\n

Japanese Language Audio Clip<\/span><\/p>\n

AT: <\/span>\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3001\u3042\u306e\u9803\u306f\u3067\u3082\u307f\u3093\u306a\u3082\u3046\u3001\u6226\u4e89\u304c\u59cb\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3089\u306d\u3002\u5371\u306a\u3044\u3063\u3066\u3053\u3068\u306f\u5206\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002\u3067\u3082\u307f\u3093\u306a\u3084\u3063\u3071\u308a\u9003\u3052\u96a0\u308c\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3057\u3066\u306d\u3002\u305a\u3044\u3076\u3093\u30d6\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3051\u3069\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u5927\u5206\u6b8b\u3063\u3066\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u3089\u306d\u3002\u96a0\u308c\u305f\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306b\u904b\u304c\u826f\u304f\u3066\u9023\u308c\u3066\u3044\u304b\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u3082\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/span>\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

AT: <\/span>\u305d\u306e\u77ac\u9593\u306e\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3042\u307e\u308a\u899a\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3051\u3069\u306d\u3002\u7262\u5c4b\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u306a\u3001\u306a\u3093\u3066\u8a00\u3046\u3093\u3060\u308d\u3002\u30d7\u30ea\u30ba\u30f3\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u306d\u3002\u307f\u3093\u306a\u3001\u96c6\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3053\u308d\u306b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: <\/span>\u30b8\u30a7\u30a4\u30eb\u307f\u305f\u3044\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

AT: <\/span>\u305d\u3046\u3002\u30b8\u30a7\u30a4\u30eb\u307f\u305f\u3044\u3002\u305d\u306e\u9023\u308c\u3066\u3044\u304b\u308c\u305f\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u3002\u305d\u3053\u306b\u6bcd\u3068\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u59b9\u3068\u3002\u98df\u3079\u7269\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u884c\u3063\u305f\u308a\u306d\u3002\u3044\u3064\u3082\u904b\u3093\u3067\u884c\u304f\u3068\u306d\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3001\u306f\u3063\u304d\u308a\u3068\u899a\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: <\/span>\u4f55\u65e5\u9593\u304b\u305d\u3053\u306b\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

AT: <\/span>\u3048\u3048\u3002\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3001\u3044\u3084\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u308a\u304b\u306f\u3001\u7236\u89aa\u306f\u3001\u8377\u7269\u3092\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306b\u9023\u308c\u3066\u884c\u304f\u2015\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3063\u3066\u306f\u8a00\u308f\u306a\u3044\u3093\u3060\u3051\u3069\u3001\u81ea\u5206\u305f\u3061\u306f\u56fd\u306b\u3082\u3046\u3044\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3089\u3001\u9023\u308c\u3066\u884c\u304f\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30d0\u30c3\u30b0\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u3082\u306e\u5165\u308c\u3066\u3063\u3066\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3084\u3063\u3066\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u6bcd\u304c\u7528\u610f\u3057\u3066\u3002\u3042\u306e\u6642\u306f\u3001\u3054\u5b58\u77e5\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3051\u3069\u3001<\/span>13<\/span>\u56de\u304f\u3089\u3044\u3053\u3061\u3089\u304b\u3089\u9023\u308c\u3066\u3044\u304b\u308c\u305f\u306e\u306d\u3001\u8239\u3002\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u2015\u30ce\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u308b\u3051\u3069\u306d\u3001\u3042\u306e\u6642\u306f<\/span>300<\/span>\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3044\u3063\u3066\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

AT: Yes, it was. Since the war had started, everyone knew that there was danger. Some people ran and hid. There were many people on the blacklist, but many of them still remained. Some hid and were lucky enough to not go. \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

AT: Well, I don\u2019t remember the exact moment that well, but I remember that people were put in kind of like prison. I don\u2019t know the word to call it. Everyone was taken to that place.<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: Was it a jail?<\/span><\/p>\n

AT: Yes, it was like a jail. They put the people they picked there. My mother, sister, and I brought food there. We always brought food there. I remember that clearly.<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: Was he there for several days?<\/span><\/p>\n

AT: Well, we brought my father\u2019s things to him. He told us that they wouldn\u2019t be able to stay and would be taken away somewhere\u2014he didn\u2019t say America, just somewhere. He told us to pack his things and come back that evening. My mother prepared everything. Well, as you know, there were about thirteen groups that were taken away from here by ship. We were on the\u2014It\u2019s written in my notes, but I think about 300 people were with us.<\/span><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

Asunci\u00f3n Sakoda and Isabel Sakoda: Apprehension \/ Deportation (Spanish \/ English)<\/h5>
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6\/5\/1999 \u2014 Lima, Peru
\nInterviewer:\u00a0Stephanie Moore<\/span><\/p>\n

Spanish Language Audio Clip<\/span><\/p>\n

AS: Y ah\u00ed mi pap\u00e1 nunca nos escribi\u00f3 nunca supimos de \u00e9l. Ni la fecha en que muri\u00f3, ni ad\u00f3nde se fue, nada, nada totalmente.<\/span><\/p>\n

YS: Y \u00e9l ya no quiso venirse como hab\u00eda perdido una pierna, ya no quiso regresar as\u00ed al Per\u00fa.<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: \u00bfY al despedirse de ustedes, cuando ya se iba para Piura?<\/span><\/p>\n

AS: Mi pap\u00e1 ha sido el a\u00f1o 41, casi ya a fin de a\u00f1o que se vino a despedir de nosotros. M\u00e1s o menos en el mes de diciembre, as\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: Entonces, \u00bfm\u00e1s o menos durante el tiempo de Navidad?<\/span><\/p>\n

AS: Aj\u00e1, pero no pas\u00f3 Navidad con nosotros. Se fue antes.<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: \u00bfY c\u00f3mo fue ese \u00faltimo d\u00eda con ustedes porque eran tres ni\u00f1os, \u00bfno?<\/span><\/p>\n

AS: Claro.<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: \u00bfUstedes se acuerdan c\u00f3mo les estaba afectando?<\/span><\/p>\n

AS: Claro sent\u00edamos mucha pena, y ah\u00ed se nos sal\u00edan las l\u00e1grimas, llorisqueando, y ya ah\u00ed no lo vimos m\u00e1s.<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: \u00bfY qu\u00e9 pensaba ese d\u00eda? \u00bfQu\u00e9 les dec\u00eda \u00e9l a ustedes?<\/span><\/p>\n

AS: Bueno, lo \u00fanico que \u00e9l nos dijo, pues es que ya se iba y que iba a ser bien dif\u00edcil volvernos a ver. Es todo lo que nos dijo y se despidi\u00f3. Nos abraz\u00f3, como siempre que nos hac\u00eda cari\u00f1os y nada m\u00e1s. “Va a ser dif\u00edcil que nos veamos no s\u00e9 si nos volveremos a ver”. Nos dijo as\u00ed, nada m\u00e1s.<\/span><\/p>\n

AS: And my father never wrote us from there. We never heard from him\u2014not the date he died, nor where he went\u2014nothing, nothing at all.<\/span><\/p>\n

YS: He didn\u2019t want to come back. Since he had lost a leg, he didn\u2019t want to return to Peru.<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: And when he said goodbye to you\u2026when he was going to Piura?<\/span><\/p>\n

AS: For my father it was 1941, almost at the end of the year. It was December, more or less.<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: So, it was during Christmas time, more or less?<\/span><\/p>\n

AS: Yes, but he didn\u2019t spend Christmas with us. He left before.<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: So how was this last day with you? Because you were three children, no?<\/span><\/p>\n

AS: Yes.<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: Do you remember how it was affecting you?<\/span><\/p>\n

AS: Sure, we were very sad, and tears were coming out. We were crying and, from then on, we never saw him again.<\/span><\/p>\n

SM: And what was he thinking that day? What did he say to you?<\/span><\/p>\n

AS: Well, the only thing that he told us was that he was leaving, and that it was going to be very difficult to see us again. That\u2019s everything that he said to us and he said goodbye. He embraced us. He was affectionate to us. That\u2019s all. \u201cIt\u2019s going to be difficult for us to see one another. I don\u2019t know if we\u2019ll see each other again,\u201d he said. Nothing else.<\/span><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

Naeko Tamashiro: Resettlement (Japanese \/ English)<\/h5>
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3\/25\/1999 \u2014\u00a0Japanese Culture Center, Lima, Peru
\nInterviewer:\u00a0Wesley Ueunten<\/span><\/p>\n

Japanese Language Audio Clip<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: <\/span>\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3088\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u7740\u3044\u305f\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3002\u30da\u30eb\u30fc\u3067\u98df\u3079\u7269\u306b\u56f0\u308b\u3068\u304b\u306f\u7d76\u5bfe\u306b\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3093\u3067\u3059\u3088\u306d\u3002\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306b\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3082\u98df\u3079\u7269\u306b\u306f\u56f0\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3093\u3067\u3059\u3088\u3002\u3060\u3051\u3069\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u7740\u3044\u305f\u3068\u305f\u3093\u306b\u98df\u3079\u308b\u3082\u306e\u304c\u7121\u3044\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3088\u306d\u3002\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u9577\u5c4b\u3001\u53ce\u5bb9\u6240\u306b\u5165\u3063\u3066\u5f15\u304d\u4e0a\u3052\u3057\u305f\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3001\u305d\u3053\u3067\u6bce\u65e5\u98df\u4e8b\u306f\u3042\u308b\u3093\u3067\u3059\u3051\u3069\u3001\u3044\u3064\u3082\u5217\u3092\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\u3042\u308c\u3057\u3066\u3002\u98df\u3079\u308b\u306e\u304c\u307b\u3089\u2015<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: <\/span>\u828b\u3068\u304b\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: <\/span>\u305f\u3076\u3093\u3002\u304a\u7c73\u3069\u3093\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3060\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3001\u828b\u3068\u304b\u6df7\u3056\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3002\u304a\u6c41\u3082\u4f55\u3082\u306a\u304f\u3066\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u3001\u6c34\u307f\u305f\u3044\u306a\u611f\u3058\u3002\u305d\u3093\u306a\u306e\u98df\u3079\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3001\u3053\u3063\u3061\u3067\u306f\u3002\u3060\u304b\u3089\u305d\u308c\u3092\u98df\u3079\u308b\u306e\u306b\u3001\u3046\u3061\u306e\u304a\u7956\u6bcd\u3055\u3093\u304c\u3068\u3066\u3082\u82e6\u52b4\u3057\u305f\u307f\u305f\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3088\u3001\u79c1\u306b\u3054\u98ef\u3092\u3042\u3052\u308b\u305f\u3073\u306b\u3002\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3001\u3053\u3061\u3089\u304b\u3089\u884c\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3001\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u9762\u3067\u306d\u3002\u3067\u3082\u4eca\u8003\u3048\u305f\u3089\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u307e\u3060\u826f\u304b\u3063\u305f\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3088\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u304b\u3089\u5f15\u304d\u4e0a\u3052\u3066\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8863\u985e\u3001\u7740\u308b\u7269\u306f\u5341\u5206\u306b\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002\u3060\u3051\u3069\u30b5\u30a4\u30d1\u30f3\u3068\u304b\u30d5\u30a3\u30ea\u30d4\u30f3\u3068\u304b\u306e\u5357\u6d0b\u304b\u3089\u5e30\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u3001\u5411\u3053\u3046\u6691\u3044\u5834\u6240\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3001\u7740\u308b\u7269\u304c\u7121\u3044\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u306e<\/span>12<\/span>\u6708\u306e\u51ac\u3002\u98df\u5802\u306b\u3054\u98ef\u3092\u98df\u3079\u306b\u884c\u304f\u3068\u304d\u3068\u304b\u306f\u6bdb\u5e03\u3092\u639b\u3051\u3066\u3044\u304f\u306e\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u59ff\u304c\u307e\u3060\u713c\u304d\u4ed8\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u3002<\/span>\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: <\/span>\u6226\u5f8c\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u6c96\u7e04\u3067\u5e30\u3063\u3066\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3002\u3044\u308d\u3093\u306a\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3093\u3067\u3059\u3088\u306d\u3001\u5e30\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3002\u591c\u3082\u3086\u3063\u304f\u308a\u4f11\u3081\u306a\u3044\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u591c\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u4eba\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3066\u30d5\u30a3\u30ea\u30d4\u30f3\u306e\u4eba\u3082\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u3044\u308b\u3057\u3001\u5175\u968a\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u8272\u3093\u306a\u56fd\u306e\u4eba\u304c\u3044\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u304c\u591c\u3001\u51fa\u3066\u304d\u3066\u3001\u90e8\u843d\u306b\u5165\u3063\u3066\u3001\u5973\u306e\u4eba\u305f\u3061\u3092\u72af\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u3001\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3082\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3093\u3067\u3059\u3088\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: <\/span>\u5b9c\u91ce\u6e7e\u306b\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: <\/span>\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306e\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3042\u308c\u3067\u3067\u3059\u3088\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: <\/span>\u666e\u5929\u9593\u306e\u8fd1\u304f\u3067\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: <\/span>\u306f\u3044\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5fd7\u771f\u5fd7\u306f\u5927\u8b1d\u540d<\/span>(<\/span>\u304a\u304a\u3058\u3083\u306a<\/span>)[<\/span>\u6c96\u7e04\u770c\u5b9c\u91ce\u6e7e\u5e02<\/span>]<\/span>\u306b\u3061\u304b\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3088\u306d\u3002\u5b87\u5730\u6cca<\/span>(<\/span>\u3046\u3058\u3069\u307e\u308a<\/span>)[<\/span>\u6c96\u7e04\u770c\u5b9c\u91ce\u6e7e\u5e02<\/span>]<\/span>\u3068\u304b\u5927\u8b1d\u540d\u3002\u5b87\u5730\u6cca\u3068\u304b\u5927\u8b1d\u540d\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u5175\u306e\u90e8\u968a\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3088\u3002\u8fd1\u3044\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5411\u3053\u3046\u304b\u3089\u591c\u3001\u591c\u4e2d\u6c11\u5bb6\u306b\u5165\u3063\u3066\u304d\u3066\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u3057\u305f\u3093\u3067\u3059\u3088\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u591a\u5206\u308f\u304b\u3089\u3093\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: <\/span>\u8a71\u3057\u306f\u805e\u304f\u3093\u3067\u3059\u3051\u3069\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: <\/span>\u4eca\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3089\u88c1\u5224\u3068\u304b\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3067\u3059\u3051\u3069\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6642\u306f\u6ce3\u304d\u5bdd\u5165\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3088\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3093\u3067\u3059\u3088\u3002<\/span> \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: <\/span>\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3088\u306d\u3002\u7d0d\u5f97\u3044\u304b\u306a\u3044\u3093\u3067\u3059\u3088\u306d\u3002\u3069\u3046\u3057\u3066<\/span>2<\/span>\u4e07\u30c9\u30eb\u304c<\/span>5<\/span>\u5343\u30c9\u30eb\u3060\u3051\uff1f\u6700\u5f8c\u307e\u3067\u6b8b\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u304c\u82e6\u52b4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3088\u306d\u3002\u6226\u5f8c\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u884c\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u306f\u304b\u306a\u308a\u82e6\u52b4\u3057\u3066\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3093\u3067\u3059\u3088\u3002\u98df\u3079\u7269\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3002\u6c96\u7e04\u306b\u6765\u3066\u3082\u98df\u3079\u7269\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3002\u8eca\u306b\u4f7f\u3046\u30aa\u30a4\u30eb\u3001\u3042\u308c\u307e\u3067\u98df\u3079\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3088\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: <\/span>\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3002\u3042\u308c\u3067\u63da\u3052\u7269\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: <\/span>\u3042\u308c\u3067\u63da\u3052\u305f\u308a\u3001\u7092\u3081\u7269\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3002\u6226\u5f8c\u306e\u6c96\u7e04\u306f\u305d\u3093\u306a\u306e\u98df\u3079\u3066\u307e\u3059\u3088\u3002\u5185\u5730\u306f\u306d\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u306f\u98df\u3079\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3060\u3051\u3069\u6c96\u7e04\u306f\u307f\u3093\u306a\u98df\u3079\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3002\u30aa\u30a4\u30eb\u307e\u3067\u98df\u3079\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u521d\u3081\u3066\u805e\u304f\u3093\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: Yes, I think so. I remember when we got to Japan. Here in Peru, we didn\u2019t have any worries about food. Even when we went to America, we didn\u2019t have any worries about food. But, soon after we got to Japan, we could not find enough to eat. We were put in a nagaya , a camp for the people who came back from other countries. There we had to queue up for every meal. We had<\/span>\u2015<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: Potatoes?<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: I guess. I don\u2019t remember how the rice was cooked. I think it was mixed with sweet potatoes. The soup didn\u2019t have anything in it, so it was like water. We had never eaten anything like that here. My great-grandmother really had a difficult time feeding me. People from here had a hard time from that aspect. But if you think about it, we had it easier. That is, since we had come from America, we had sufficient clothing. But the people from Saipan, the Philippines, and other South Pacific areas didn\u2019t come with enough clothes because it was hot there. It was winter in Japan in December. So, they used to go to the cafeteria to eat covered in their blankets. That scene is still burnt into my memory. \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: That\u2019s right. After the war, when we got back to Okinawa, there were all kinds of things happening. Even after we got back. Even at night, we couldn\u2019t rest comfortably. That was because, at night, Americans and non-Americans…there were Filipinos among the soldiers…I guess there were people from various countries. They would come out to our village for women to\u2026how do I say it \u2026 to violate. There were incidents like that.<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: In Ginowan?<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: In our village.<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: You were near Futemma?<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: Shimashi was near Oojyana [in Ginowan City, Okinawa]. Ujidomari [in Ginowan City, Okinawa] and Oojyana. These areas had American army divisions. It was close, so they would come from there at night and enter civilians\u2019 houses for women. I guess no one knows about things like that.<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: I\u2019ve heard stories like that.<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: Nowadays, one can go to court, but back then all people could do was weep in silence. Things like that happened. \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: \u2026 The people who survived to the end are the ones who suffered. For example, the people who went to Japan after the war really suffered. There was nothing to eat. When we got to Okinawa, there was nothing to eat. Really. We even eat oil, motor oil.<\/span><\/p>\n

WU: You did. Did you use it for deep frying?<\/span><\/p>\n

NT: We deep-fried and stir-fried with it. After the war, that\u2019s what we ate in Okinawa. I think in Naichi [mainland], in Japan, people didn\u2019t eat it. But in Okinawa, everyone did. This must be the first time you heard about people eating motor oil, isn\u2019t it?<\/span><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

Libia Hideko Yamamoto: Apprehension \/ Deportation, Transport \/ Inspection, Internment (English)<\/h5>
<\/div><\/div><\/a>
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4\/10\/1994 \u2014 East Bay Free Methodist Church, Richmond, California, USA
\nInterviewers:\u00a0Leslie Katsura and Grace Shimizu<\/span><\/p>\n

English Language Audio Clips<\/span><\/p>\n

Excerpt 1 –\u00a0Apprehension \/ Deportation<\/span><\/p>\n

LY: Yes, I forgot. It was January 6, 1943, at night, that detectives came to my\u2014to our home in the hacienda, in the Hacienda Tum\u00e1n, and took my father to jail. It was late at night and I was in the city of Chiclayo. The next morning my mother came to Chiclayo, and there was a lot of buzzing around, and everybody was so busy making lunch\u2014making food, preparing food. And there was a lot of buzzing around and I just\u2014I was asking everybody what\u2019s going on, but everybody was so busy\u2026 And then I remember when we all gathered at a corner, and approximately twenty men were put into a truck, and we were saying goodbye to them, \u2026 and I said, \u201cWhere are they going?\u201d And nobody could tell me. We didn\u2019t know where they were being taken. And my father was always going on business trips, so I was used to seeing him going off to business trips. But I always expected him back and he always came back in two, three days, often with a little gift. But this time he wasn\u2019t going as though he was going on a business trip. His clothing was totally different and all the men were going in this truck. So, it was very, very different. So unusual for him to take off like that. And I asked\u2014I asked, \u201cWhere are they going?\u201d And the mothers were trying to restrain from crying and I remember they [the men] got onto the truck\u2014and before they went on their truck, \u2026one of the things that the Japanese people do in \u2026 time of victory or in\u2026 encouragement also, or in time of celebration as well\u2014they have their hail. \u2026 [T]hey say, \u201cBanzai!\u201d\u00a0<\/span>1<\/sup><\/span> And they say, \u201cBanzai!\u201d and they started singing and they left. The mothers were, you know, sobbing. It was just\u2014and then I found out that we didn\u2019t know where he was going or if we were to ever see him again. So, then it really struck me\u2026.I remember that day very well.<\/span><\/p>\n

1\u00a0<\/sup><\/span>Editor\u2019s Note: Banzai is a traditional Japanese exclamation meaning \u201cten thousand years [of life].\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Excerpt 2 –\u00a0Transport \/ Inspection<\/span><\/p>\nhttp:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Libia-Yamamoto-OH-Tape-1-1-SA-Excerpt-2-2919-3021.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n

LY: When we arrived in New Orleans\u2014that\u2019s where we landed. I remember we had to \u2026 get inspection. We had to go through inspection of our personal property and I remember having to watch our property, our trunks. I don\u2019t know where my mother was going but, you know\u2014but most of these people that were on the ship were mothers and children. And I was told to watch my trunk. As I watched other people go through their inspection, I remember seeing things\u2014these inspectors taking things out of their suitcases and trunks and throwing them overboard. And I remember the cartons and things floating on the water. And I was fearful that the inspector\u00a0was going to take my\u2014I was able to bring one thing that I liked and that was a doll, and I was afraid that he was going to take my doll and throw it overboard, but fortunately he didn\u2019t.<\/span><\/p>\n

Excerpt 3 – Internment<\/span><\/p>\nhttp:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Libia-Yamamoto-OH-Tape-1-1-SB-Excerpt-3-1029-1247.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n

LY: Well, I was only seven and a half and probably the most important thing to me at that time was being with my family. I think just being with the family was secure enough and the idea that my father was going to join us. But I remember seeing these cabins. They were bare. \u2026 [I]t was just bare ground and these little cabins lined up and, in a way, I think my heart kind of sank. (Laughs) You know, I thought, \u201cOh, we\u2019re gonna live in this kind of place.\u201d And, at first, we thought we had the whole cabin,\u2026 and then we found out that we only had one side of the cabin, which was one big room. And then we had in between two rooms, in one cabin, \u2026 a little toilet and a basin that \u2026 was the connecting room between the two. We had to share that one. And as far as taking [a] shower and things like that, we had to go to the community bathhouse, which was shared by about eighty families. We had showers there\u2014open shower stalls\u2014and we had [the] laundry room where we had the big tub [so] we could do our wash. They also had these scrub boards\u2026 but that was another building altogether. And we had to\u2014it\u2019s like walking\u2014for some people, it was like walking a block to get to the bathhouse. For us, it was little bit closer. We were about half a block away. But we went into this room, and we saw the cots there, and it was just, you know, a letdown, I guess. I don\u2019t know what I was expecting, but it was certainly not the kind of livelihood that we had in Peru. (Laughs)<\/span><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"These transcripts are part of the Japanese Peruvian Oral History Project (JPOHP) Collection. JPOHP is the leading community resource promoting the documentation, preservation, and interpretation of the World War II experiences of Japanese Latin Americans, who survived US government, internment, prisoner exchange, and forced deportation, and their struggle for redress. The excerpts on this website...","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1422","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1422"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"https:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1422\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2084,"href":"https:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1422\/revisions\/2084"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/njahs.org\/confinementsites\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}